Smart Ring FPC Core Board · One Board, Many Rings

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产品 03 · 一板配多戒 Platform 03 · One board, many rings

智能戒指 FPC 主板
一张柔性电路，三张面壳 Smart Ring FPC Core Board
one flexible circuit, three shells

戒指戴在手指上，与指套共享同一生理位点——这意味着固件栈、EDA 体系与算法资产可以高度复用。FPC 上 ECG 电极与 EDA 电极物理同层、分时复用，面壳只决定"暴露哪些电极窗口"，电气设计完全一致。 A ring sits on the finger, sharing the same physiological site as the finger-sleeve — so the firmware stack, EDA scheme and algorithmic assets carry over almost intact. On the FPC, ECG and EDA electrodes occupy the same physical layer and are time-multiplexed; the shell merely decides which electrode windows are exposed, while the electrical design stays identical.

三款戒指Three ring variants 电极定义与调度Electrodes & scheduling

2.9mm整戒厚度上限Max thickness

6.5mm板宽Board width

17–22mAh弧形电池Curved battery

5–7d日常续航Daily runtime

Smart ring FPC core board: unrolled layout with PPG window, MAX86178 AFE, nRF52832 MCU, antenna keep-out, and worn-state electrode allocation

FPC 主板工程规格FPC board specifications

AFEMAX86178 · PPG + ECG + BioZ（EDA）PPG + ECG + BioZ (EDA)
主控MCUnRF52832 · BLE 5.0
传感辅助Auxiliary6 轴 IMU + 皮温6-axis IMU + skin temp
存储Storage100KB NOR/NAND · ≥7 天睡眠数据≥7 days sleep data
电池Battery弧形 Li-Po 2×9–15 mAhCurved Li-Po 2×9–15 mAh
充电Charging磁吸（兼容通用充电盒）magnetic (generic dock compatible)
FPC4 层刚柔结合 · 基准内径 17.3–19.8 mm（US 7–11）4-layer rigid-flex · nominal ID 17.3–19.8 mm (US 7–11)
板宽Board width6.5 mm
整戒Whole ring≤2.9 mm 厚 · ≤5 g（含壳）≤2.9 mm thick · ≤5 g with shell
防护ProtectionIP68 / 3ATM

01 为什么做 86178 戒指Why a MAX86178 Ring

市面健康戒指的两个共同空白 Two gaps common to every health ring on the market

市面主流健康戒指的传感器配置 Sensor configuration of mainstream health rings

配置项Item	主流形态Typical	本 FPCThis FPC
PPG（HR / SpO₂）	✓	✓
皮温Skin temperature	✓	✓
加速度计 / IMUAccelerometer / IMU	✓	✓
ECG	—	✓
EDA（电极式）EDA (electrode-based)	—	✓
所谓"压力"指标So-called "stress" metric	PPG-HRV 算法推算PPG-HRV derivation	电极直接测量Direct electrode measurement

主流健康戒指的标准形态是"PPG + 皮温 + IMU + 小容量电池"，全行业缺少 ECG 与真实 EDA 电极。而这两项恰好都是 MAX86178 的原生能力。 The standard health-ring form is PPG plus skin temperature plus IMU plus a small battery; the industry almost universally lacks ECG and true EDA electrodes. Both happen to be native MAX86178 capabilities.

两项稀缺能力Two scarce capabilities

ECG 心电戒指：ECG ring: 利用戒指内表面（指腹侧）与外表面（相邻指自然触碰位）构成指间导联。商用产品中这一形态极为罕见，而 MAX86178 的 ECG_EL 通道可直接支持。 The ring's inner surface (finger-pulp side) and outer surface (naturally touched by an adjacent finger) form a finger-to-finger lead. This form factor is rare commercially, and the MAX86178 ECG_EL channel supports it directly.
EDA 戒指：EDA ring: 用 BioZ 通道跑恒流转 0.5 V EDA，配合交流校正漂移 + 直流事件窗的双模式调度。市面上的"压力戒指"全部是 HRV 换算，不是真正的皮肤电导测量。 The BioZ channel runs constant-current to 0.5 V EDA, paired with a dual-mode schedule of AC drift correction plus DC event windows. Every "stress ring" on the market derives from HRV — none measures skin conductance directly.
同指同工位复用：Same-site reuse: 戒指与指套共享指部生理位点，EDA 体系、判据算法与参考范围可直接迁移，形成"指套金标准 → 戒指泛化"的降维路径。 Ring and finger-sleeve share the finger site, so the EDA scheme, decision criteria and reference ranges transfer directly — a "finger-sleeve gold standard → ring generalisation" path.

02 FPC 架构FPC Architecture

                    ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐
                    │   Ring FPC core board (annular, US7–11 base) │
 Inner face (finger pulp)                                           │
 ┌──────────────┐  │  ┌─────────────┐      ┌───────────────────┐ │
 │ PPG window   │◄─┼──┤ MAX86178    │      │ nRF52832          │ │
 │ Skin-temp NT │◄─┼──┤ PPG·ECG·BioZ│      │ BLE 5.0 · firmware stack   │ │
 │ EDA/ECG inner│◄─┼──┤ EDA (0.5 V) │      │ dual-mode schedule│ │
 └──────────────┘  │  └──────┬──────┘      └─────────┬─────────┘ │
                    │         │ SPI                  │           │
 Outer face (back)   │  ┌──────▼──────┐      ┌─────────▼─────────┐ │
 ┌──────────────┐  │  │ IMU 6-axis  │      │ On-FPC 2.4 GHz    │ │
 │Magnetic pins │◄─┼──┤ Skin temp   │      │ antenna (aperture │ │
 │×2 (charging) │  │ Power / batt │      │ in metal shell)  │ │
 │ ECG/EDA outer│  │ management   │      └───────────────────┘ │
 │ (shell window)│ │  └─────────────┘   Curved Li-Po 2×9–11 mAh  │
 └──────────────┘  │   (distributed along both sides of band, 1–2C) │
                    └─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

一板三壳One board, three shells

同一张 FPC、同一套原理图、同一固件包、同一充电盒。差异仅在面壳的电极开窗位置与固件模式开关——电气复用率约 92%。 Same FPC, same schematic, same firmware image, same charging dock. Differences are limited to shell electrode apertures and firmware mode switches — about 92% electrical reuse.

功耗是护城河Power budget is the moat

弧形电池容量天花板约 22 mAh。双模式调度让 EDA 以"秒级事件窗"而非"全程连续采样"运行，长比可达 5–30 倍。整夜 8 h 全功能目标 ≤15% 电量。 The curved battery caps out near 22 mAh. Dual-mode scheduling runs EDA in second-scale event windows rather than continuous sampling, a 5–30× duty-cycle advantage. Target: ≤15% battery for a full 8-hour night.

天线开窗Antenna aperture

金属面壳会屏蔽 2.4 GHz。方案是在顶部岛区让 FPC 天线外露，或采用陶瓷 / 树脂窗口。EVT 阶段需实测 OTA 强度。 A metal shell shields 2.4 GHz. The approach is to expose the FPC antenna at the top island, or use a ceramic/resin window. OTA strength must be measured during EVT.

03 电极定义与工作模式调度 Electrode Definition & Mode Scheduling

FPC 电极位FPC electrode	位置Position	睡眠 / 血氧款面壳Sleep / SpO₂ shell	ECG 款面壳ECG shell	EDA 款面壳EDA shell
P1	ECG_EL1 / BioZ IN+ 内表面 · 指腹主接触区inner, finger-pulp contact	不暴露（壳内作 PPG 地参考）Not exposed (internal PPG ground reference)	暴露（ECG 内电极）Exposed (ECG inner)	暴露（EDA 内电极，干极）Exposed (EDA inner, dry)
P2	ECG_EL2 / BioZ IN− 外表面 · 相邻指自然触碰位outer, adjacent-finger contact	不暴露Not exposed	暴露（ECG 外电极）Exposed (ECG outer)	暴露（EDA 外电极）Exposed (EDA outer)
P3	PPG 光窗window 内表面主窗inner main window	暴露Exposed	暴露Exposed	暴露Exposed
T1	皮温Skin temp 内表面inner	暴露Exposed	暴露Exposed	暴露Exposed
C1 / C2	磁吸充电触点Magnetic charging pins 外表面背面outer back	暴露Exposed	暴露Exposed	暴露Exposed

固件自动调度（四种模式） Automatic firmware scheduling (four modes)

待机 / 日常Standby / daily — PPG 间歇采样（HR / SpO₂）+ IMU + 皮温，构成主流睡眠与血氧功能。 Intermittent PPG (HR / SpO₂) plus IMU and skin temperature — the mainstream sleep and SpO₂ feature set.

ECG 窗ECG window — 用户 App 触发或筛查计划触发，内外电极构成指间导联，ECG 通道采集约 30 s。 Triggered by the app or a screening schedule; inner/outer electrodes form a finger-to-finger lead and the ECG channel acquires for roughly 30 s.

EDA 事件窗EDA event window — 白天秒级事件窗（自主状态剖面）+ 夜间入睡判据窗（指部放电衰减）+ 佩戴自检。 Daytime second-scale event windows (autonomic profiling), night-time sleep-onset windows (finger conductance decay), plus wear self-check.

分时互斥Time-division exclusivity — ECG 采集期间 EDA 激励关断，共用 P1/P2 电极零串扰。硬件同层，时序隔离。 The EDA drive is shut off during ECG acquisition; the shared P1/P2 electrodes see zero crosstalk. Same physical layer, isolated in time.

风险与对策Risks and mitigations

风险Risk	对策Mitigation
弧形电池容量天花板Curved battery capacity ceiling	双模式调度是功耗护城河；PPG 间歇化；BLE 批量回传Dual-mode scheduling as the power moat; intermittent PPG; batched BLE transfer
干电极长戴漂移Dry-electrode drift over long wear	交流校正漂移 + 直流事件窗；佩戴自检剔除假信号AC drift correction plus DC event windows; wear self-check rejects artifacts
ECG 电极接触阻抗波动ECG contact-impedance fluctuation	外电极加宽（≥4 mm 弧段）；壳窗防汗液桥接；静息 30 s 测量引导Widened outer electrode (≥4 mm arc); shell window prevents sweat bridging; guided 30 s resting measurement
金属壳屏蔽天线Metal shell antenna shielding	天窗口设计或陶瓷 / 树脂窗；EVT 阶段 OTA 实测Antenna aperture or ceramic/resin window; OTA measured during EVT

04 一板三戒：产品线矩阵One Board, Three Rings: Product Matrix

RING 01

血氧睡眠戒指Sleep & SpO₂ Ring

主流件配置（PPG + 皮温 + IMU） Mainstream configuration (PPG + skin temp + IMU)

核心指标Core metricsHR / SpO₂ / 睡眠趋势 / 活动量HR / SpO₂ / sleep trend / activity
续航Runtime约 7 天~7 days
定位Positioning主流走量 · 消费健康大盘Volume mainstream · consumer health

RING 02

心电戒指ECG Ring

主流件 + 内 / 外 ECG 电极 Mainstream parts plus inner/outer ECG electrodes

核心指标Core metrics单导联 ECG · 心律筛查提示（30 s 测量 + 连续监测两模式）Single-lead ECG · rhythm screening notification (30 s spot check + continuous monitoring)
目标场景Target成人心律筛查、术后心律监测Adult rhythm screening, post-procedure monitoring
定位Positioning差异化 · 医疗入口Differentiated · medical entry point

RING 03

自主状态戒指Autonomic-State Ring

主流件 + 内 / 外 EDA 电极（与 ECG 复用） Mainstream parts plus inner/outer EDA electrodes (shared with ECG)

核心指标Core metrics EDA（恒流转 0.5 V ）· 自主神经状态四象限 · 入睡判据 · 佩戴自检EDA (Constant current to 0.5 V ) · autonomic quadrant mapping · sleep-onset criteria · wear self-check
目标场景Target学习与认知负荷监测、压力评估与生物反馈训练、睡眠管理Learning and cognitive-load monitoring, stress assessment and biofeedback training, sleep management
定位Positioning差异化 · 学术与消费双通道Differentiated · dual academic and consumer channel

组合价值：Portfolio value: RING 03 与指套同指同工位，EDA 体系与算法资产直接复用，形成"指套金标准 → 戒指泛化"的降维路径；RING 03 的四象限数据与胸贴 EDA 贴（SKU-D）形成"胸部连续 + 指部精细"的两级自主神经监测家族。 RING 03 shares the finger site with the sleeve, so the EDA scheme and algorithms transfer directly — a "sleeve gold standard → ring generalisation" path. Its quadrant data pairs with the chest EDA patch (SKU-D) to form a two-tier autonomic monitoring family: continuous at the chest, fine-grained at the finger.

宣称纪律（消费与医疗的边界）Claim discipline (consumer vs medical)

消费定位款统一用"睡眠趋势 / 作息"，不写"睡眠分期"或"呼吸暂停筛查"。 Consumer-positioned variants must say "sleep trend / routine", never "sleep staging" or "apnoea screening".
脉率变异性一律标注为 PRV，不写作 HRV。 Pulse-rate variability must always be labelled PRV, never HRV.
"心律筛查提示"等措辞需持证后使用。 Wording such as "rhythm screening notification" may only be used after certification.
面向学生场景的数据做匿名化群体报告，不做个体排名与考核使用。 Data from student scenarios is reported as anonymised group summaries only — never for individual ranking or assessment.

指套 SY-F100Finger-sleeve SY-F100 胸贴小主板Chest Patch Core Board 戒指 FPC 主板Ring FPC Core Board

数据格式 V3.0Data Format V3.0

三种形态共用的数据格式One data format for all three forms

无论数据来自指套、胸贴还是戒指，PC 端解析接口完全一致——算法零改动。 Whether data comes from the sleeve, the patch or the ring, the PC-side parsing interface is identical — zero algorithm changes.

查看数据格式 →View the data format →

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